This collection of papers is the result of a workshop sponsored by NATO's Defense Research Group Panel 8 during the Fall of 1993. The workshop was held at the University of German Armed Forces at Neubiberg (Munich) Germany 29 September-l October, 1993. Robert J. Seidel Paul R. Chatelier U.S. Army Research Institute for the Executive Office of the President Behavioral and Social Sciences Office of Science and Technology Policy Washington, D.C. Washington, D.C. v PREFACE We would like to thank the authors of the papers for providing an excellent coverage of this rapidly developing technology, the session chairpersons for providing excellent structure and management for each group of papers, and each session's discussant's for their summary and personal views of their sessions papers. Our special thanks go to Dr. Rolfe Otte, the German ministry of Defense's research study group member and the person responsible for our being able to have this workshop in Munich. We are also grateful to Dr. H. Closhen of the IABG for technical and administrative assistance throughout the planning and conduct of the workshop.

Learning without Boundaries: An Overview of Distance/Distributed Learning; R.J. Seidel, P.R. Chatelier. Technology Requirements: An Analysis of Conferencing as Technology for Distributed Training Perspectives on Functionality, Instrumentation, Organizational Integration, and Cost Effectiveness; B. Collis. Organizational Requirements for Educational Technologies Development and Use; S. Bagnara. Today''s Technological Capabilities: Critical Decision Making in the Context of Command and Control: A Computer Simulation Approach to Its Training; J. Crego. ECOM: Electronic Communication in Distance Learning; P. van Druenen, Adrie van Ettinger. Instructional Development: Distance Education in the Royal Netherlands Army Training Command; B.A. Klem. Educational Programs in the Federal Republic of Germany: A Review of Experiences; W. Flemmer. Technologies Available for Application: Training in the Close Combat Tactical Trainer; S.L. Goldberg, et al. Technology Transfer and Multiple Use of Technologies for Education and Training: NTTC-A New Window into Federal R&D Information; W.C. Arble. 9 additional articles. Index.