This book provides a comprehensive review of the evolution of traits associated with predation and predator defense for bats and all of their prey, both invertebrates (e.g. insects) and vertebrates (e.g. frogs), in the context of co-evolution. It reviews current knowledge of how echolocation and passive hearing are used by bats to hunt prey in complete darkness. Also it highlights how prey have evolved counter measures to bat echolocation to avoid detection and capture. This includes the whole range of prey responses from being active at times when bats are inactive to the use of acoustic signals of their own to interfere with the echolocation system of bats.

Ass.-Prof. Dr. David Steve Jacobs Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch 7701 Cape Town South Africa 
Dr. Anna Che Bastian Department of Biological Sciences University of Cape Town Private Bag X3 Rondebosch 7701 Cape Town South Africa

Chapter 1: An introduction to evolution and co-evolution.- Chapter 2: Bat echolocation: Adaptations for prey detection and capture.- Chapter 3: Non-auditory defenses of prey against bat predation.- Chapter 4: Passive and active acoustic defenses of prey against bat predation.- Chapter 5: Eavesdropping on mating calls: Have bats and frogs co-evolved?.- Chapter 6: Aerial warfare: Have bats and moths co-evolved?.- Chapter 7: Co-evolution: What is there left to learn?.